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across是什么意思中文翻譯 across是什么意思

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across是什么意思中文翻譯 across是什么意思

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語法梳理：王興剛老師
適合人群：英語教師、英語***學生、初高中生等
在我們學習英語的過程中，類似的難點很多 。其實這類問題產生的原因，都是二語習得的過程中，過分依賴母語表達習慣產生的 。
英語中的每個詞，都有他們的特定使用場景 。這個場景如果恰好與中文重合，那么我們接受起來就容易 。如果不是完全重合，那么接受起來就困難 。類似的還有瞬間性動詞啊，雙重所有格啊等等 。
across和through的中文含義都是通過、穿過，甚至英文詞條解釋都是from one side to another 。所以困惑也就可以理解了 。
現在我們來正式講解一下
一、牛津字典中的詞條AcrossPreposition(此文只講介詞，與through對比 。不講副詞 。)
From one side to the other of something. Expressing movement over a place or region.
eg:
I ran across the street.
Travelling across Europe.
ThroughPreposition(此文只講介詞，與across對比 。不講副詞 。)
① Moving in one side and out of the other side of an opening, channel, or location.
eg:
Stepping boldly through the doorway.
② So as to make a hole or opening in a physical object
eg:
The lorry*** ashed through a brick wall.
③ Moving around or from one side to the other with a crowd or group.
eg:
Making my way through the guests.
④ So as to be perceived from the other side of an intervening obstacle.
eg:
The sun was streaming in through the window.
結論：
從詞條的解釋我們可以看出，through的應用場景是非常具體的 。具體到四種情形：隧道的穿行，破墻而入，人群穿行，穿過障礙，越過障礙 。
而across只強調從一邊到另一邊 。其實這個一邊到另一邊也有具體的定義，因為下文要展開說，所以這里只簡單說一下 。是從一個物體的一邊到另一邊，完成對于物體表面的跨越 。

across是什么意思中文翻譯 across是什么意思

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二、外國人的討論
之一組I went ACROSS the desert.
I went THROUGH the desert.
Technically, both could be correct, depending on context. If you start at one side of a desert and go all the way to the other side, then you go "across" the desert. However, for instance, you start a journey at one side of the desert but after 20km, you are collected by helicopter (!). You would say that you walked through the desert, until you found the helicopter.
解釋：
對于沙漠來說，through和across都可以 。如果成功穿越，用across 。如果半途而廢，那就是“借道”的意思，就用through 。我從沙漠里走了，直到看到直升機，我就撤了 。
第二組"Walk through the tunnel"
"Walk across the tunnel"
"Walk through the tunnel" means to enter the tunnel on one end and emerge out the other end.
"Walk across the tunnel" could mean the same thing, but only if the context establishes that. It could also mean to enter the tunnel through a side entrance, and exit out another side entrance (i.e. the short way, not the long way); or it could mean to go across the top of the tunnel (e.g. if it's underground and the road goes over it); or variations on those themes.
In general, "through" implies entering the middle of something and then going out the other side, whereas "across" implies crossing the middle, but not necessarily going in the thing you're crossing.
解釋：
Through強調的是“進入-出來”，強調的是the long way順著長邊
Across強調的是“表面通過”，強調的是the short way切割短邊
總結：只有當產生“in”的感覺，才能用through 。
第三組The difference between through and across is that Through is used to describe movement in three-dimensional space. It is also used to describe the inward movement.
About grass and lawn, if we are talking about a place which is covered with tall or long grass, we should use "through":
When my dog runs through long grass, it’s difficult to find him.
but if we are talking about a field covered with short or*** all grass or lawn, we should use "across".
解釋：
對于草坪、草地等場所，看草的高度 。如果你覺得草很高，那就用through，如果草很短，那就用across 。
第四組Across, as the name suggests, it is used to talk about the transverse movement of a person or object. As against, through is used to denote a movement from one side of the passage, towards the other side.
She walked through the pool.
She walked across the pool.
At first instance, the two sentences often appear the same to us, but if you check their literal meaning, then you will understand the real difference between these two. In the first example, the word ‘through’ means by way of, whereas in the second example ‘across’ means side to side.

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