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四 AIR32F103 27倍頻216MHz,CoreMark跑分測試

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目錄

  • AIR32F103(一) 合宙AIR32F103CBT6開發板上手報告
  • AIR32F103(二) Linux環境和LibOpenCM3項目模板
  • AIR32F103(三) Linux環境基于標準外設庫的項目模板
  • AIR32F103(四) 27倍頻216MHz,CoreMark跑分測試
27倍頻運行216MHz主頻合宙開發團隊10月11日的提交中開源了AIR32F103的PLL倍頻調節的代碼, 使得在 Linux 下通過 GCC Arm 工具鏈也能編譯運行216MHz.
代碼示例示例代碼位于 Examples/NonFreeRTOS/RCC 下: https://gitee.com/iosetting/air32f103-template/tree/master/Examples/NonFreeRTOS/RCC
編譯時遇到的問題編譯器對AIR_RCC_PLLConfig()這個函數的優化會造成PLL設置失敗.
這個函數的源代碼如下, 可以看到其中會對特定地址(例如 0x40016C00)進行連續的寫操作, 編譯時如果優化參數不是-O0, 就大概率會將這些寫操作合并或調換位置.
uint32_t AIR_RCC_PLLConfig(uint32_t RCC_PLLSource, uint32_t RCC_PLLMul, uint8_t Latency){uint32_t sramsize = 0;uint32_t pllmul = 0;FunctionalState pwr_gating_state = 0;/* Check the parameters */assert_param(IS_RCC_PLL_SOURCE(RCC_PLLSource));assert_param(IS_RCC_PLL_MUL(RCC_PLLMul));*(uint32_t *)(0x400210F0) = BIT(0);//開啟sys_cfg門控*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = 0xa7d93a86;//解一、二、三級鎖*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = 0xab12dfcd;*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = 0xcded3526;sramsize = *(uint32_t *)(0x40016C18);*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C18) = 0x200183FF;//配置sram大小, 將BOOT使用對sram打開*(uint32_t *)(0x4002228C) = 0xa5a5a5a5;//QSPI解鎖SysFreq_Set(RCC_PLLMul,Latency ,0,1);RCC->CFGR = (RCC->CFGR & ~0x00030000) | RCC_PLLSource;//恢復配置前狀態*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C18) = sramsize;*(uint32_t *)(0x400210F0) = 0;//開啟sys_cfg門控*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = ~0xa7d93a86;//加一、二、三級鎖*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = ~0xab12dfcd;*(uint32_t *)(0x40016C00) = ~0xcded3526;*(uint32_t *)(0x4002228C) = ~0xa5a5a5a5;//QSPI解鎖return 1;}解決的方法
  • 在Keil5下, 可以對 air32f10x_rcc_ex.c 這個文件右鍵單獨設置 AC6 編譯選項. AC5可以使用 注解, AC6不再支持文件內部單個函數的優化設置
  • 在GCC Arm中, 可以通過 Makefile 對 air32f10x_rcc_ex.c 設置單獨的-O0參數, 也可以在代碼中增加屏障避免優化(例如在兩行代碼之間增加__NOP();), 還可以通過int foo(int i) __attribute__((optimize("-O3")));這樣的形式, 參考GNU GCC文檔
這里采用最后一種, 將庫函數修改為
__attribute__((optimize("-O0"))) uint32_t AIR_RCC_PLLConfig(uint32_t RCC_PLLSource, uint32_t RCC_PLLMul, uint8_t Latency)CoreMark跑分結果示例中的 CoreMark_256MHz 項目, 可以將AIR32F103運行在最高256MHz主頻下, 運行CoreMark性能測試. 以下是分別在 256MHz, 216MHz, 72MHz 不同編譯器版本下的測試結果.
32倍頻, 256MHz編譯器 GCC11.2.1【四 AIR32F103 27倍頻216MHz,CoreMark跑分測試】SYSCLK: 256000000, HCLK: 256000000, PCLK1: 128000000, PCLK2: 256000000, ADCCLK: 128000000?2K performance run parameters for coremark.?CoreMark Size: 666?Total ticks: 17054?Total time (secs): 17.054000?Iterations/Sec: 586.372698?Iterations: 10000?Compiler version : GCC11.2.1 20220111?Compiler flags: -O3?Memory location: STACK?seedcrc: 0xe9f5?[0]crclist: 0xe714?[0]crcmatrix: 0x1fd7?[0]crcstate: 0x8e3a?[0]crcfinal: 0x988c?Correct operation validated. See readme.txt for run and reporting rules.?CoreMark 1.0 : 586.372698 / GCC11.2.1 20220111 -O3 / STACK?IR32F103 CoreMark?編譯器 GCC11.3.1, 256MHzSYSCLK: 256000000, HCLK: 256000000, PCLK1: 128000000, PCLK2: 256000000, ADCCLK: 128000000?2K performance run parameters for coremark.?CoreMark Size: 666?Total ticks: 17054?Total time (secs): 17.054000?Iterations/Sec: 586.372698?Iterations: 10000?Compiler version : GCC11.3.1 20220712?Compiler flags: -O3?Memory location: STACK?seedcrc: 0xe9f5?[0]crclist: 0xe714?[0]crcmatrix: 0x1fd7?[0]crcstate: 0x8e3a?[0]crcfinal: 0x988c?Correct operation validated. See readme.txt for run and reporting rules.?CoreMark 1.0 : 586.372698 / GCC11.3.1 20220712 -O3 / STACK?編譯器 GCC12.2.0 256MHzSYSCLK: 256000000, HCLK: 256000000, PCLK1: 128000000, PCLK2: 256000000, ADCCLK: 128000000?2K performance run parameters for coremark.?CoreMark Size: 666?Total ticks: 15822?Total time (secs): 15.822000?Iterations/Sec: 632.031349?Iterations: 10000?Compiler version : GCC12.2.0?Compiler flags: -O3?Memory location: STACK?seedcrc: 0xe9f5?[0]crclist: 0xe714?[0]crcmatrix: 0x1fd7?[0]crcstate: 0x8e3a?[0]crcfinal: 0x988c?Correct operation validated. See readme.txt for run and reporting rules.?CoreMark 1.0 : 632.031349 / GCC12.2.0 -O3 / STACK?27倍頻, 216MHzGCC11.2.1 216MHzSYSCLK: 216000000, HCLK: 216000000, PCLK1: 108000000, PCLK2: 216000000, ADCCLK: 108000000?2K performance run parameters for coremark.?CoreMark Size: 666?Total ticks: 20213?Total time (secs): 20.213000?Iterations/Sec: 494.731114?Iterations: 10000?Compiler version : GCC11.2.1 20220111?Compiler flags: -O3?Memory location: STACK?seedcrc: 0xe9f5?[0]crclist: 0xe714?[0]crcmatrix: 0x1fd7?[0]crcstate: 0x8e3a?[0]crcfinal: 0x988c?Correct operation validated. See readme.txt for run and reporting rules.?CoreMark 1.0 : 494.731114 / GCC11.2.1 20220111 -O3 / STACK?

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